All matter can move from one state to another but it might require
extreme temperatures or extreme pressure. For example, if we put an ice cube at
room temperature for it to become a liquid, it will need energy in the form of
heat to change its physical state. This happens because atoms in a liquid need
more energy.
There is a special temperature that substances have, called the melting point
that is the temperature at which solids become liquids. In the case of water,
its melting point is a little over 0°Celsius. In the case of other substances
such as gold, sugar or salt, the melting point is higher than the melting point
of water.
The revere of the melting process is what we know as freezing. As
pointed before, the atoms in a liquid need more energy because they move
faster. But as a liquid cools, the atoms need less energy because they slow
down ad become close together. The attractive forces trap the particles and crystals
begin to form. All of this happens at a special temperature, or freezing point.
In the case of water the freezing point is 0°Celsius. In the case of other substances
such as glass, it has no definite freezing point, because its viscosity, that
is a property present in fluids like glass.
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